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Ki

Kiamba Philippine Islands
BT	Asia
	.Far East
	..Philippine Islands
	...Mindanao
	....Kiamba Philippine Islands
SN	City on S Mindanao, South Cotabato Province, Philippine Islands.

Kiangsi
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. See Jiangxi China.

Kiangsu
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. See Jiangsu China.

Kibaran Orogeny
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Precambrian
	..Proterozoic
	...Kibaran Orogeny
RT	orogeny
	Africa
SN	Chiefly in S and Central Africa. Added to Thesaurus in 1998.

Kicking Horse River valley
BT	Canada
	.Western Canada
	..Kicking Horse River valley
RT	Alberta
	British Columbia
	Banff National Park
SN	In Banff National Park area. Also search Kicking Horse River. Indexed with provinces as applicable.

Kidd Creek Mine
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Ontario
	...Cochrane District Ontario
	....Kidd Creek Mine
RT	mines
	silver ores
	copper ores
	zinc ores
	Timmins Ontario
SN	Cu-Zn-Ag volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit. Porcupine mining camp, Southern Volcanic Zone, SW Abitibi Belt, N of Timmins Ontario. Also search Kidd Creek Deposit.

Kidder County North Dakota
BT	United States
	.North Dakota
	..Kidder County North Dakota

Kiel Bay
BT	Atlantic Ocean
	.North Atlantic
	..Baltic Sea
	...Kiel Bay
SN	Off NE coast of Schleswig-Holstein.

Kiel Germany
BT	hleswig-Holstein Germany
	.Kiel Germany
SN	City on the Baltic Sea in N Germany.

Kielce Poland
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Poland
	...Kielce Poland
NT	Nida Basin
	Ostrowiec Swietokrzyski Poland
RT	Galezice
	Swiety Krzyz Mountains

kieserite
BT	sulfates
	.kieserite

Kiev Member
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Cenozoic
	...Tertiary
	....lower Tertiary
	.....Kiev Member
RT	Ukraine

Kiev Ukraine
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Kiev Ukraine
NT	Chernobyl Ukraine
	Kanev Ukraine
SN	City and oblast in N central Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kiglapait
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Newfoundland
	...Labrador
	....Kiglapait
RT	Kiglapait Intrusion
SN	Cape in N Labrador.

Kiglapait Intrusion
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Newfoundland
	...Labrador
	....Kiglapait Intrusion
RT	Kiglapait
SN	Iron-rich layered intrusion located in NE Labrador. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kii Peninsula
BT	nshu
	.Kii Peninsula
RT	Wakayama Japan
	Mie Japan
	Nara Japan
	Tonankai earthquake 1944
SN	Between Kii Channel on W and Kumano Sea on E in S Honshu. Also search Kii.

Kilauea
BT	United States
	.Hawaii
	..Hawaii County Hawaii
	...Hawaii Island
	....Kilauea
UF	Kilauea Iki
	Kilauea Volcano
RT	Alae Crater
	volcanoes
	East Rift Zone
	Puu Oo
	Mauna Loa
SN	Active crater on E side of Mauna Loa in Volcanoes National Park, S central island of Hawaii. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kilauea Iki
USE	Kilauea

Kilauea Volcano
USE	Kilauea

Kilbourne Hole
BT	United States
	.New Mexico
	..Dona Ana County New Mexico
	...Kilbourne Hole
SN	Exploratory drill hole in S New Mexico. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

kilchoanite
BT	silicates
	.orthosilicates
	..sorosilicates
	...kilchoanite

Kildare Ireland
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..Ireland
	...Kildare Ireland
SN	County including the town, E central Ireland.

Kilimanjaro
BT	Africa
	.East Africa
	..Tanzania
	...Kilimanjaro
SN	Highest mountain in Africa. Near Kenya border in NE Tanzania.

Killari earthquake 1993
USE	Latur earthquake 1993

Kilo Congo Democratic Republic
BT	Africa
	.Central Africa
	..Congo Democratic Republic
	...Upper Zaire Congo Democratic Republic
	....Kilo Congo Democratic Republic
UF	Kilo-Mines Congo Democratic Republic
SN	Village in NE Congo Democratic Republic. Also search Kilo; Bambu Zaire.

Kilo-Mines Congo Democratic Republic
USE	Kilo Congo Democratic Republic

Kimball County Nebraska
BT	United States
	.Nebraska
	..Kimball County Nebraska

Kimberley British Columbia
BT	Canada
	.Western Canada
	..British Columbia
	...Kimberley British Columbia
SN	Town in SE British Columbia with silver, lead and zinc mines nearby.

Kimberley South Africa
BT	Africa
	.Southern Africa
	..South Africa
	...Northern Cape Province South Africa
	....Kimberley South Africa
RT	Cape Province region
SN	City near Free State border in Northern Cape Province. World's diamond center with mines nearby.

kimberlite
BT	igneous rocks
	.plutonic rocks
	..ultramafics
	...kimberlite
RT	diamonds
	diamond

kimberlite pipes
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. Use kimberlite in conjunction with pipes.

Kimble County Texas
BT	United States
	.Texas
	..Kimble County Texas

Kimmerian
USE	Cimmerian

Kimmerian Orogeny
USE	Cimmerian Orogeny

Kimmeridge Clay
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Upper Jurassic
	.....Kimmeridge Clay
RT	England
	Scotland
	North Sea
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kimmeridgian
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Upper Jurassic
	.....Kimmeridgian
RT	Hanifa Formation
	Malm
SN	Europe. Above Oxfordian, below Portlandian.

Kindblade Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Ordovician
	....Lower Ordovician
	.....Kindblade Formation
RT	Oklahoma
	Arbuckle Group
SN	In Arbuckle Group. S Oklahoma. Added to Thesaurus in 1995.

Kinderhookian
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Carboniferous
	....Mississippian
	.....Lower Mississippian
	......Kinderhookian
NT	Banff Formation
RT	Chouteau Limestone
SN	Provincial series, North America. Above Chautauquan (Devonian), below Osagian.

kinematics
UF	cinematics
RT	velocity
	kinetics
SN	Branch of dynamics that deals with aspects of motion apart from considerations of mass and force.

kinetics
RT	dynamics
	energy
	geochemistry
	geophysics
	kinematics
	relaxation
	velocity

King and Queen County Virginia
BT	United States
	.Virginia
	..King and Queen County Virginia

King County Texas
BT	United States
	.Texas
	..King County Texas
SN	NW Texas.

King County Washington
BT	United States
	.Washington
	..King County Washington
NT	Seattle Washington
RT	Lake Washington
SN	W central Washington.

King George County Virginia
BT	United States
	.Virginia
	..King George County Virginia

King George Island
BT	Antarctica
	.South Shetland Islands
	..King George Island
NT	Fildes Peninsula
UF	Waterloo Island
RT	Melville Peninsula
SN	Largest of the South Shetland Islands in British Antarctic Territory N of the Antarctic Peninsula. This term has multiple hierarchies.

King William County Virginia
BT	United States
	.Virginia
	..King William County Virginia

King's County New Brunswick
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Maritime Provinces
	...New Brunswick
	....King's County New Brunswick

Kingak Shale
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Kingak Shale
RT	Alaska
SN	NE Alaska. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kingfisher County Oklahoma
BT	United States
	.Oklahoma
	..Kingfisher County Oklahoma
SN	Central Oklahoma.

Kingman County Kansas
BT	United States
	.Kansas
	..Kingman County Kansas
SN	S Kansas.

Kings Bay
UF	Kongsfjorden
RT	Spitsbergen Island
SN	Inlet on NW coast of Spitsbergen Island. Indexed with island or region as applicable.

Kings County California
BT	United States
	.California
	..Kings County California
SN	S central California.

Kings County New York
BT	United States
	.New York
	..New York City New York
	...Kings County New York
RT	Long Island
SN	Coextensive with the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on Long Island in SE New York. Indexed with Long Island.

Kings County Nova Scotia
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Maritime Provinces
	...Nova Scotia
	....Kings County Nova Scotia

Kings County Prince Edward Island
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Maritime Provinces
	...Prince Edward Island
	....Kings County Prince Edward Island

Kings Mountain
RT	Kings Mountain Belt
	North Carolina
	South Carolina
	United States
SN	Isolated ridge. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable.

Kings Mountain Belt
BT	United States
	.Kings Mountain Belt
RT	South Carolina
	Appalachians
	North Carolina
	Georgia
	Carolina slate belt
	Piedmont
	Southern Appalachians
	Kings Mountain
SN	Metamorphic belt, SW North Carolina, NW South Carolina and NE Georgia. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Kingsbury County South Dakota
BT	United States
	.South Dakota
	..Kingsbury County South Dakota

Kingsdown Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Cenozoic
	...Quarternary
	....Pleistocene
	.....Kingsdown Formation
RT	Kansas
SN	In Sanborn Group. Overlies Crooked Creek Formation; underlies Vanhem Formation. SW Kansas.

Kingsport Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Ordovician
	....Lower Ordovician
	.....Kingsport Formation
RT	Virginia
	Tennessee
	Knox Group
SN	In Knox Group. E Tennessee and SW Virginia.

Kingston Peak Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Precambrian
	..Kingston Peak Formation
RT	California
SN	S California. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Kingston Range
BT	United States
	.California
	..Kingston Range
RT	San Bernardino County California
	Inyo County California
SN	S California. Indexed with counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

kink folds
BT	folds
	.kink folds
RT	chevron folds
	kink-band structures
SN	Before 1978, also search folds AND kink.

kink-band structures
UF	kink-bands
RT	deformation
	folds
	kink folds
SN	Also search kink-band.

kink-bands
USE	kink-band structures

Kinki District
USE	Kinki Japan

Kinki Japan
BT	nshu
	.Kinki Japan
UF	Kinki District
RT	Kyoto Japan
	Wakayama Japan
	Hyogo Japan
	Osaka Japan
	Mie Japan
	Nara Japan
SN	The Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto region in S central Honshu. Includes Hyogo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, and Wakayama prefectures.

Kinnashih Taiwan
USE	Chinkuashih Taiwan

Kinnaur India
BT	machal Pradesh India
	.Kinnaur India
SN	District in Himachal Pradesh.

Kinney County Texas
BT	United States
	.Texas
	..Kinney County Texas
RT	Edwards Aquifer
SN	SW Texas.

Kinshasa Congo Democratic Republic
BT	Africa
	.Central Africa
	..Congo Democratic Republic
	...Kinshasa Congo Democratic Republic
SN	City and Federal District on left bank of the Congo River in W Congo Democratic Republic. Before 1978, also search Leopoldville. Before 1998, Kinshasa Zaire was also used.

Kinta Valley
BT	Asia
	.Far East
	..Malaysia
	...West Malaysia
	....Perak Malaysia
	.....Kinta Valley
SN	River valley in NW West Malaysia. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kintyre
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
	.....Argyllshire Scotland
	......Kintyre
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
	.....Strathclyde region Scotland
	......Kintyre
SN	Peninsula in Argyllshire, SW Scotland. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

Kinwashih Mine
USE	Chinkuashih Mine

Kinzers Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Cambrian
	....Lower Cambrian
	.....Kinzers Formation
RT	Virginia
	Pennsylvania
	Maryland
SN	Overlies Vintage Limestone; underlies Ledger Dolomite. Maryland, SE Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

kinzigite
BT	metamorphic rocks
	.granulites
	..kinzigite

Kiokee Belt
BT	United States
	.Kiokee Belt
RT	South Carolina
	Appalachians
	North Carolina
	Georgia
	Carolina slate belt
	Piedmont
SN	Metamorphic belt, central North Carolina to E central Georgia. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Kiowa County Colorado
BT	United States
	.Colorado
	..Kiowa County Colorado
SN	E Colorado.

Kiowa County Kansas
BT	United States
	.Kansas
	..Kiowa County Kansas
NT	Haviland Kansas
RT	Haviland Meteorite
SN	S Kansas.

Kiowa County Oklahoma
BT	United States
	.Oklahoma
	..Kiowa County Oklahoma
RT	Meers Fault
	Slick Hills
	Wichita Mountains
SN	SW Oklahoma.

Kiowa Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Cretaceous
	....Lower Cretaceous
	.....Kiowa Formation
RT	Oklahoma
	Colorado
	Kansas
SN	Overlies Cheyenne Sandstone; underlies Dakota Formation. Central S Kansas, E Colorado, W Oklahoma.

Kipawa Lake
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Quebec
	...Temiscamingue County Quebec
	....Kipawa Lake
SN	SW Quebec. Also search Kipawa.

Kirchhoff integral
RT	enthalpy
	equations
	free energy
	geochemistry
	heat capacity
	mathematical models
	seismic migration
	temperature
	thermodynamic properties
SN	Shows relationships between enthalpy, heat capacity and temperature for a reaction. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
USE	Kyrgyzstan

Kirghizia
USE	Kyrgyzstan

Kirgizia
USE	Kyrgyzstan

Kiribati
BT	Oceania
	.Kiribati
NT	Fanning Island
UF	Gilbert Islands
RT	East Pacific Ocean Islands
	Polynesia
	West Pacific Ocean Islands
	Micronesia
	Christmas Island
	Line Islands
SN	Formerly Gilbert Islands, under British administration. Now independent. Also includes Phoenix Islands and many formerly British Line Islands. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Kirin Meteorite
USE	Jilin Meteorite

Kirin, China
USE	Jilin China

Kirishima
BT	Asia
	.Far East
	..Japan
	...Kyushu
	....Kirishima
UF	Kirishima-Yama
RT	Kagoshima Japan
	volcanoes
	geothermal fields
	Ebino Japan
	Miyazaki Japan
SN	Mountain and geothermal area in Kirishima Range in S Kyushu.

Kirishima-Yama
USE	Kirishima

Kirkbyocopina
BT	Invertebrata
	.Arthropoda
	..Mandibulata
	...Crustacea
	....Ostracoda
	.....Kirkbyocopina
RT	microfossils
SN	Includes the superfamily Kirkbyacea. Indexed with microfossils if applicable.

Kirkcudbrightshire Scotland
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
	.....Kirkcudbrightshire Scotland
SN	Former county in S Scotland. Now part of Dumfries and Galloway region.

Kirkland Lake Ontario
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Ontario
	...Timiskaming District Ontario
	....Kirkland Lake Ontario
SN	Town in E Ontario near Quebec border.

Kirkpatrick Basalt
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Kirkpatrick Basalt
RT	Antarctica
	Victoria Land
	Queen Alexandra Range
SN	Queen Alexandra Range and Victoria Land, Antarctica. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kirkuk Iraq
BT	Asia
	.Middle East
	..Iraq
	...Kirkuk Iraq
SN	Town near oil fields in NE Iraq.

Kirkwood Formation
RT	Arikareean
	Hemingfordian
	Lower Cretaceous
	middle Miocene
	New Jersey
	South Africa
	Upper Jurassic
SN	Arikareean and Hemingfordian. E New Jersey. Also found in Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous (Gondwana) of South Africa. Indexed with ages as applicable.

Kirkwood-Co

Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer
BT	United States
	.Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer
UF	Cohansey-Kirkwood Aquifer
RT	Pennsylvania
	Maryland
	Delaware
	New Jersey
SN	Middle Atlantic region. Indexed with counties and state or states as applicable.

Kirov Russian Federation
USE	Vyatka Russian Federation

Kirovabad Azerbaijan
BT	Europe
	.Azerbaijan
	..Kirovabad Azerbaijan
UF	Gandja Azerbaijan
	Gandzha Azerbaijan
SN	City in W Azerbaijan. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kirovograd Ukraine
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Kirovograd Ukraine
SN	City and oblast in central S Ukraine. Historical names include Zinovievsk, Elisavetgrad, and Yelizavetgrad. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kirtland Shale
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Cretaceous
	....Upper Cretaceous
	.....Kirtland Shale
RT	New Mexico
	Colorado
SN	NW New Mexico and SW Colorado. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Kiruna Sweden
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..Scandinavia
	...Sweden
	....Norrbotten Sweden
	.....Kiruna Sweden
SN	City in N central Norrbotten, N Sweden.

Kirwin Kansas
BT	United States
	.Kansas
	..Phillips County Kansas
	...Kirwin Kansas
SN	Town in N Kansas.

Kishtwar
RT	India
	Jammu and Kashmir
	Pakistan
SN	Town in SW Jammu and Kashmir, disputed territory between India and Pakistan. Before 1993, India was a broader term. Indexed with Jammu and Kashmir AND India and/or Pakistan as applicable.

Kiso Mountains
BT	nshu
	.Japanese Alps
	..Kiso Mountains
RT	Aichi Japan
	Nagano Japan
SN	Central Japanese Alps. In central Honshu. Also search Kiso. Indexed with prefecture or prefectures as applicable.

Kisseynew Complex
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Precambrian
	..Kisseynew Complex
RT	Saskatchewan
	Manitoba
	Nokomis Group
	Sherridon Group
SN	Archean? Subdivided into Nokomis and Sherridon groups. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kistna River
USE	Krishna River

Kit Carson County Colorado
BT	United States
	.Colorado
	..Kit Carson County Colorado

Kita-Yamato Trough
BT	Pacific Ocean
	.North Pacific
	..Northwest Pacific
	...Japan Sea
	....Kita-Yamato Trough
RT	Leg 127
	Leg 128
SN	This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kitakami Massif
USE	Kitakami Mountains

Kitakami Mountains
BT	nshu
	.Iwate Japan
	..Kitakami Mountains
UF	Kitakami Massif
SN	N Honshu. Also search Kitakami.

Kitami Basin
BT	kkaido
	.Kitami Basin
RT	Abashiri Japan
SN	NE Hokkaido, N Japan. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.

Kitami Japan
BT	kkaido
	.Abashiri Japan
	..Kitami Japan
SN	City in Abashiri sub-prefecture, Hokkaido.

Kitsap County Washington
BT	United States
	.Washington
	..Kitsap County Washington
NT	Kitsap Peninsula
SN	On Puget Sound in NW Washington.

Kitsap Peninsula
BT	United States
	.Washington
	..Kitsap County Washington
	...Kitsap Peninsula
SN	Bounded on W by Hood Canal and on E by Puget Sound. W of Seattle in NW Washington.

Kittanning Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Carboniferous
	....Pennsylvanian
	.....Kittanning Formation
RT	Kentucky
	Indiana
	Ohio
	Pennsylvania
	Maryland
	West Virginia
	Allegheny Group
SN	In Allegheny Group. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kittery Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Kittery Formation
RT	Ordovician
	Silurian
	New Hampshire
	Maine
	Merrimack Group
SN	Ordovician and Silurian. In Merrimack Group. SW Maine and SE New Hampshire. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Kittitas County Washington
BT	United States
	.Washington
	..Kittitas County Washington
SN	Central Washington.

Kittson County Minnesota
BT	United States
	.Minnesota
	..Kittson County Minnesota

Kivu Congo Democratic Republic
BT	Africa
	.Central Africa
	..Congo Democratic Republic
	...Kivu Congo Democratic Republic
NT	Nyiragongo
RT	Lake Kivu
SN	Province in E Congo Democratic Republic. Before 1998, Kivu Zaire was also used.

Kiya River
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Kiya River
BT	Asia
	.Kiya River
RT	Kemerovo Russian Federation
	Tomsk Russian Federation
SN	In Kemerovo and Tomsk oblasts E and NE of Novosibirsk. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kizel coal basin
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Perm Russian Federation
	...Kizel coal basin
RT	coal fields
SN	In Central Urals of European Russian Federation in Perm Oblast. Also search Kizel. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Kizil Kum
USE	Kyzylkum

Kizil-Dere
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. See Kizildere Field for location in Turkey. Also used for pyrite deposit in Caucasus Mountains in Dagestan.

Kizildere Fiel

Kizildere Field
BT	Asia
	.Middle East
	..Turkey
	...Kizildere Field
RT	geothermal fields
SN	Geothermal field in W Anatolia. Also search Kizildere and Turkey. Added to Thesaurus in 1995.

Kizyl-Dere
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. See Kizildere Field for location in Turkey. Also used for pyrite deposit in Caucasus Mountains in Dagestan.

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