georefid:2000-062883georefid:2000-062878SEDIS Publication Catalogueana.macario@awi.dehttp://sedis.iodp.org/pub-catalogue/informationpointOfContact2011-06-23T00:00:00Zhttp://sedis.iodp.org/pub-catalogue/index.php?id=10.2973/odp.proc.sr.165.002.2000<gco:CharacterString>Grain size of Miocene volcanic ash layers from sites 998, 999, and 1000; implications for source areas and dispersal</gco:CharacterString>2000-01-01publicationgeorefid:2000-062883doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.165.002.2000Carey, Steven N.University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett, RI, United StatesauthorSigurdsson, HaraldurUniversity of Rhode Island, United StatesauthorTexas A & M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, United StatespublisherdocumentDigitalIn: Leckie, R. Mark, Sigurdsson, Haraldur, Acton, Gary D., Abrams, Lewis J., Bralower, Timothy J., Carey, Steven N., Chaisson, William P., Cotillon, Pierre, Cunningham, Andrew D., D'Hondt, Steven L., Droxler, Andre W., Galbrun, Bruno, Gonzalez, Juan, Haug, Gerald H., Kameo, Koji, King, John W., Lind, Ida L., Louvel, Veronique, Lyons, Timothy W., Murray, Richard W., Mutti, Maria, Myers, Greg, Pearce, Richard B., Pearson, D. Graham, Peterson, Larry C., Roehl, Ursula, Garman, Phyllis (editor), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, scientific results, Caribbean Ocean history and the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event; covering Leg 165 of the cruises of the drilling vessel JOIDES Resolution, Miami, Florida, to San Juan Puerto Rico, sites 998-1002, 19 December 1995-17 February 1996165101-113Crystal size measurements have been carried out on tephra fall layers of Miocene to Holocene age from Sites 998, 999, and 1000 in the western Caribbean Sea. Maximum crystal size is used as a proxy for the grain-size characteristics of the layers and an index of atmospheric dispersal from source eruptions. Crystal sizes range from 50 to 650 mu m with the majority falling between 200 and 300 mu m. All three sites exhibit a coarsening in the grain size of tephra layers with increasing age to the early Miocene that broadly correlates with an increase in the frequency of layers. Analysis of the present lower and upper level atmospheric circulation in the western Caribbean suggests that the layers were derived from source eruptions to the west of the sites somewhere in the Central American region. Minimum distances to these sources are on the order of 700 km. Crystal sizes in tephra layers at these distances are consistent with their derivation from energetic pyroclastic flow-forming eruptions that ejected tephra to stratospheric levels by large-scale ignimbrite- and Plinian-style plumes. Coarsening of the layers during the Miocene peak of explosive volcanism cannot be attributed to any major change in paleowind intensity and is taken to represent the occurrence of more energetic eruptions that were able to disperse tephra over larger areas.completedStratigraphyash fallsAtlantic Oceanatmospheric transportCaribbean SeaCenozoicdepositional environmenteruptionsgrain sizeLeg 165lithostratigraphymarine sedimentsMioceneNeogeneNorth AtlanticOcean Drilling ProgramODP Site 1000ODP Site 998ODP Site 999provenanceQuaternarysedimentationsedimentation ratessedimentssize distributionTertiaryvolcanic ashvolcaniclasticsvolcanismurn:org.iodp:exp:165urnlargerWorkCitationcampaignurn:org.iodp:exp:165:site:1000urnlargerWorkCitationstudyurn:org.iodp:exp:165urnlargerWorkCitationcampaignurn:org.iodp:exp:165:site:998urnlargerWorkCitationstudyurn:org.iodp:exp:165urnlargerWorkCitationcampaignurn:org.iodp:exp:165:site:999urnlargerWorkCitationstudyurn:org.iodp:exp:165urnlargerWorkCitationcampaignEnglishgeoscientificInformation-82.5610-78.442212.443719.2923application/pdfunknownSEDIS Publication Catalogueana.macario@awi.dehttp://sedis.iodp.org/pub-catalogue/informationpointOfContacthttp://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/165_SR/VOLUME/CHAPTERS/SR165_05.PDFdownload